安徽・ANHUI

Founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 along with Li Dazhao. Created an influential periodical called New Youth to contribute to politically and intellectually revolutionary activity. Served as the first general secretary of the CCP from 1921 to 1927. Was removed from the Party in 1929 and for a time led a Trotskyist opposition group.

Was with Mao Zedong at Yan'an. Leader of the "28 Bolsheviks" who had returned from Moscow with orthodox Stalinist opinions and thus opposed Mao in the Chinese Communist Party. Mao criticized him for dogmatism and blind devotion to Soviet policy. Lost his position in the Politburo in 1945. Went to the Soviet Union for medical treatment and chose to live the rest of his life there in exile.

One of the "28 Bolsheviks" who followed the orthodox Stalinist line for Revolution. Defected early on and began to support Mao Zedong instead. Vice-Foreign Minister under the People's Republic. Purged during the Cultural Revolution and rehabilitated in 1973.